At the end of 2017, the Ministry of Nature and Ecology of the Russian Federation partially reduced the list of animals included in the Red Book, removing many rare species from there. Among the “thrown out” animals there are such species as a reindeer, a Siberian mountain goat, a mnemosin butterfly and many others.
The disappearance of animals from the Red Book never received any intelligible scientific justification. They tried to crank out a similar procedure back in 2016, when it was planned to remove more than 120 rare species from the list, but Greenpeace did not allow anything like that.
1. Porpoise (North Pacific subspecies)
Belongs to the order of cetaceans, the dolphin family. It is not only a small subspecies, but also a very poorly studied science subspecies of rare marine animals. They live in the waters of the Far East, in the territory from the Japanese to the Chukchi Seas.
Outwardly it looks like a dolphin of small size, with a body length of about 1.5 m and a weight of 55 to 75 kg. The color of different representatives may vary slightly: there are species with the back and sides of black or dark gray. The belly is white.
They live in an area not far from the coast. They prefer to live in areas of fjords or bays. The main diet is fish of various types, as well as shellfish and shrimp.
2. Dressing
It is a predatory mammal and belongs to the family of marten. The appearance is very similar to a ferret, but the ligation is much smaller in size, the ears are larger, the fur is coarser, the tail is very long. It has a characteristic changeable and bright color, consisting of yellow, white and black spots.
The length of the body can vary from 27 to 38 cm, and the tail - from 15 to 22 cm. The weight of a fully adult individual is about 350-750 gr. Compared to a long, visually elongated body, the legs at the dressing are very short.
They live in the northwestern part of Mongolia, the range extends to China, the Balkan Peninsula and front Asia. They are also found in eastern Europe.
3. Reindeer (New Zealand subspecies)
A very rare and gradually dying subspecies of reindeer. The average body size of such a deer is from 180 to 220 cm, and the tail length varies from 10 to 15 cm. Males always differ in larger size than females. The mass of reindeer can reach from 150 to 250 kg, while the average weight of the female is only 100 kg. Reindeers have characteristic long legs and wide hooves.
Many reindeer of the New Zealand subspecies prefer to settle in forests, rather than in open spaces. Their exact number has not been established, but the subspecies is rapidly disappearing.
4. European grayling (Upper Volga population)
Refers to a subspecies of fish. The habitat is the river basins of the Urals and the Volga. They were once a large species, but today the population is rapidly declining.
European grayling prefers to live in clean and cold reservoirs, sometimes in small rivers, much less often in lakes. There are three main types: lake, river and stream. The brook is the most common, as they adapt much more quickly to the effects of anthropogenic agents. It has a small size. The total length is about 25 cm, and the mass is 150 grams. The main diet is insects that enter the water.
5. Som Soldatova
The habitat of such a subspecies of catfish are rivers in Russia and China, which are part of the Amur River basin. The diet of catfish is quite diverse and includes bottom and bottom subspecies of fish, as well as waterfowl and snake snakes.
Soldatov's catfish has an elongated body and a large head with a massive lower jaw, which allows him to swallow more food. On the lower jaw are two pairs of short whiskers, and on the upper one one pair of very long ones, approximately up to the fins. It has a dark brown color with characteristic small spots. The dorsal fin consists of 6 rays, and the anal fin has 83-90 rays.
6. Siberian mountain goat
You can find the Siberian mountain goat in the mountainous territories in Altai, Tien Shan, Tarbagatai and others. It is also found in the territories of Mongolia and in the northwestern part of China and India. The preferred height of the ridge for a comfortable living is about 2.5-5 thousand meters above sea level.
The average parameters of the Siberian mountain goat:
- body length: about 1.6 meters;
- height: 1.1 meters;
- weight: about 130 kilograms.
Males are more massive form. The appearance of the females is much more elegant and small. Females have not so long horns with a very slight bend back. The length of the horns in males exceeds one meter.
7. Butterfly Mnemosyne
Belongs to the family of sailing ships and the genus of Parnassius. You can find the mnemosyne butterfly mainly in Europe, as well as in the Caucasus and in Asia Minor. In Russia, its habitat stretches from Arkhangelsk to the Urals and from the western part of Siberia to Tobolsk. Such a butterfly prefers to live in broadleaf forests, a little less often - in meadows or mountainous areas.
The size of the wings of a mnemosin butterfly is about 6 cm. The wings have a characteristic rounded shape. Color has either snow-white or slightly yellowish tint. In the front of the wings are black specks of various shapes and sizes. Antennae of black color, short in length.
8. Auha (Chinese perch)
It belongs to the type of predators. It lives mainly in rivers and lakes in Korea. In Russia, it can be found in the rivers and reservoirs of Sakhalin, Amur and Ussuri. Aukha has a large body, the length of which can reach 70 cm. The average weight is about 8.5 kg. The life expectancy of Chinese perch is ten years.
The body color can be brown, yellow or green with many black spots. The mouth of the perch is very large. The fins have a bright orange color with characteristic black spots.
The aukha diet consists mainly of medium-sized fish, such as black-bellied and gudgeon. Chinese perch leads a solitary lifestyle, without schools.
9. Yolks
Belongs to the family of cyprinids and the species of radiant fish. The body length can vary from 1.5 to 2 meters, and weight from 30 to 40 kg. The body has an elongated shape. The habitat of the yolks is the Amur basin, stretching to the territory of South China. This basin includes the rivers and lakes of Khanka, Ussuri and Sungari.
The yolk is a predator. His diet consists of smaller fish, species such as crucian carp, gudgeon, smelt and vestruby. It has a characteristic yellow color of gill covers, which gave it its name. Puberty begins at about six years old, when the yolk reaches 60 cm in length. The caviar has a large size of approximately 6 mm.
10. Common Gray Shrike
It belongs to the order Passeriformes and the family Shrike. The mass of the largest individual varies from 65 to 75 grams. The habitat is considered the territory of the western border of Russia to the Yenisei River. He prefers to dwell on the territory of meadows, lowland open marshes or on the edge of aspen-birch forests. Shrike prefers to settle near a river or reservoir.
The main diet of ordinary gray shrikes is made up of rodents, lizards, large insects. A little less often - toads, frogs, shrews and smaller birds. They can also eat carrion. They prefer to stock up on trees and shrubs.